The Siderian Period

The Geological Timescale Versus Radiometric Dating

By Paul Nethercott
October 2014

The Siderian Period

2,500 To 2,800 Million Years Ago

1. Temporal Evolution of the Lithospheric Mantle,

Journal Of Petrology, 2009, Volume 50, Number 10, Pages 1857-1898

Sample	147Sm/144Nd	176Lu/176Hf	187Re/188Os	187Re/188Os	187Os/188Os
PL01	364	-244	230	360	-45
PL02	347	-423	1,080	1,340	888
PL03	408	-722	40	70	-263
PL03-L	406	-865	150	-30	-166
PL06	-457	-153	140	320	-150
PL07	76	-159	20		-296
PL11	601	1377	270	360	-4
PL12	128	-1	930	1,290	727
PL13	428	199	-280	-380	-603
PL14	1,794	-1,779	-80	-120	-389
PL15	232	-2,614	840	1,100	623
PL15-L	362	4,192	840	1,100	623
PL16	425	-143	150	180	-135
PL17	881	2,285	160	220	-124
PL17-L	847	1,740	230	310	-48
PL18	384		1390	-1,720	1,230
PL19	162	1,227	-10	-40	-318
PL19-L	14	1,345	250	380	-27
PL19-LR	42	1,308	230	470	-50
PL23	1,412	1,424	990	1,130	798
PL23-L	967	1,895	920	1,040	719
SW01	878	492	-930	470	-1,366

2. Diamonds And Mantle-Derived Xenoliths,

Earth and Planetary Science Letters, Volume 42, 1979, Pages 58-70

87Rb/86Sr	Pb207/Pb206
91,957	5,249
53,584	5,231
51,582	5,097
43,201	5,053
33,542	5,040
24,366	4,953
18,139	4,944
17,036	4,934
15,716	4,919
15,340	4,913
13,633	4,910
12,202	4,904
4,450	4,898
3,257	4,885

3. Temporal Evolution of the Lithospheric Mantle,

Journal Of Petrology, 2009, Volume 50, Number 10, Pages 1857-1898

Sample	187Os/188Os	187Re/188Os	187Re/188Os	87Rb/86Sr	147Sm/144Nd	176Lu/176Hf
SW03	680	890	1,410	22	-128	-660
SW04	390	630	750	17	400	1011
SW05	-1,643	-1,210	2,120	14	179	-1457
SW06	164	430	780
SW07	487	770	-280	16	331	-236
SW07	469	700	780
SW08	-364	-40	-410	17	405	1028
SW09	565	790	1,280	16	346	-218
SW09	503	730	850
SW10	199	470	2,510	17	334	380
SW11	631	850	1,390	17	-2301	-1982
SW12	-757	-390	890	17	259	133
SW13	367	620	4,020	16	193	852
SW14	2	290	1,440	20	150	1097
SW15	619	840	2,410	17	370	-2121
SW16	852	1,050	1,630	21	123	1543
SW17	313	560	900	21	336	-12
SW18	25	310	-11,060		-3742	-9369
SW18	-17	270	20,710
SW19	27	300	490	10	-281	-1614
SW20	902	1,100	2,570	15	194	870
SW21	-219	140	-20	15	815	447
SW22	428	670	1,390		240	-3255

Sample	187Os/188Os	187Re/188Os	187Re/188Os	87Rb/86Sr	147Sm/144Nd	176Lu/176Hf
PL12	727	930	1,290	13	128	-1
PL13	-603	-280	-380	21	428	199
PL14	-389	-80	-120	4	1794	-1779
PL14	-21	260	320
PL15	623	840	1,100	5	232	-2614
PL16	-135	150	180		425	-143
PL16-R	-130	160	-2,270	3	881	2285
PL16	-117	170	190
PL17	-124	160	220		847	2694
PL17	-48	230	310
PL18	1,230	1,390	-1,720	6	384	1740
PL18-R	1,382	1,520	2,480
PL18	1,269	1,440	-380
PL19	-318	-10	-40	13	162
PL19	-27	250	380		14	1227
PL19-R	-50	230	470		42	1345
PL23	798	990	1,130	5	1412	1308
PL23	719	920	1,040		967	1424
SW01	-1,366	-930	470	17	878	1895
SW02	-155	140	370	17	277	275

Sample	187Os/188Os	187Re/188Os	187Re/188Os	87Rb/86Sr	147Sm/144Nd	176Lu/176Hf
MY9	2,397	2,600	4,050
MY9-R	2,418	2,490	2,810
MY9	2,390	2,430	2,530
MY10	2,333	2,650	6,440
MY33	1,398	1,570	1,670
MY34	2,411	2,510	2,950
MY35	-1,111	-400	-2,680
PL01	-45	230	360	9	364	-244
PL02	888	1,080	1,340	8	347	-423
PL02	677	890	960
PL03	-263	40	70		408	-722
PL03-R	-117	170	390		406	-865
PL03	-166	150	-30
PL06	-150	140	320
PL07	-296	20
PL07	-337	-30	-70
PL08	793	990	1,830
PL08	747	950	980
PL10	400	640	790
PL11	-4	270	360	6	601	1377
PL11	61	330	430

4. U-Th-Pb Systematics,

Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta, 1981, Volume 45, Pages 635 - 645

Pb207/Pb206	Pb207/Pb206
4,747	3,899
4,739	3,802
4,549	3,666
4,548	3,664
4,316	3,575
4,315	3,572
4,207	3,256
4,205	3,214
4,165	3,212
4,164	3,194
4,141	3,028
3,933	2,596
3,918	2,583
3,917	2,568

5. Whole-Rock Pb/Pb Isotopic Ages,

Precambrian Research, Volume 78 (1996) 261-272

207Pb/206Pb	207Pb/206Pb
5,339	5,111
5,337	5,084
5,324	5,066
5,305	5,057
5,227	5,039
5,225	5,012
5,217	5,008
5,190	5,003
5,187	4,925
5,173	4,897
5,171	4,824
5,152	4,791
5,151	4,755
5,144	4,358
5,140	4,343
5,137	4,320
5,123	4,300

6. U-Pb Dating Of Madagascar,

Precambrian Research, 2003, Volume 121, Pages 73 - 84

206Pb/238U	207Pb/235U	207Pb/206Pb
2,536	2,534	2,532
2,530	2,526	2,523
2,510	2,511	2,513
2,486	2,496	2,510
2,479	2,493	2,501
2,448	2,470	2,499
2,435	2,454	2,488
2,397	2,428	2,486
2,087	2,295	2,475
1,676	2,062	2,474
1,550	1,951	2,471
1,428	1,876	2,469
1,374	1,827	2,466
1,348	1,816	2,454
1,138	1,629	2,428
1,031	1,536	2,416

7. Pb Isotope Constraints,

Earth and Planetary Science Letters, Volume 142 (1996) 501-512

Pb207/Pb206	Pb207/Pb206	Pb207/Pb206
5,347	5,319	5,018
5,345	5,315	5,005
5,345	5,314	4,997
5,342	5,313	4,985
5,341	5,296	4,979
5,339	5,286	4,962
5,335	5,267	4,949
5,331	5,246	4,946
5,330	5,044	4,907
5,323	5,018	4,862

8. The Paleoproterozoic Huronian Supergroup,

Precambrian Research, Volume 102 (2000) 263–278

207Pb/206Pb	207Pb/206Pb	207Pb/206Pb
5,012	4,625	4,304
4,918	4,592	4,287
4,877	4,536	4,084
4,871	4,531	3,992
4,784	4,505	3,856
4,777	4,452	3,770
4,751	4,445	3,753
4,716	4,442	3,559
4,635	4,413	3,028
4,628	4,327

9. Xenoliths from Yangyuan and Fansi,

Lithos, Volume 102, 2008, Pages 25-42

187Re/188Os	187Re/188Os	187Os/188Os
-500	1,180	682
	2,140	2,089
1,000	-530	-1,201
9,700	2,110	1,729
-200
2,600	1,710	1,271
-10,800	2,630	2,318
	1,430	960
500
2,000	1,450	976
2,800	330	-268
-3,500	1,520	1,058
2,200	1,210	714
	2,690	2,384
	-310	-972
	420	-170
	1,680	1,238
	1,720	1,287
	1,420	943

10. Xenoliths from Kimberley, South Africa,

Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta, 2008, Volume 72, Pages 5722-5756

187Re/188Os	187Os/188Os	187Re/188Os	187Os/188Os	187Re/188Os	187Os/188Os
3,250	3,218	2,690	2,416	3,020	2,940
1,560	1,123	2,740	2,547	2,810	2,678
-3,470	-4,850	2,690	2,531	3,050	2,956
2,610	2,384	2,640	2,449	2,740	2,547
2,600	2,384	3,190	2,809	3,050	2,940
-1,340	-8,206	1,540	927	2,590	2,318
3,140	-7,616	2,730	2,531	2,740	2,580
-600	-1,872	900	305	590	-104
-860	-1,839	2,240	1,893	-115,960	-62,462
2,810	2,678	2,390	2,155	-117,980	-62,118

187Re/188Os	187Os/188Os	187Re/188Os	187Os/188Os	187Re/188Os	187Os/188Os
3,930	3,218	-11,150	2,416	3,340	2,940
2,110	1,123	5,930	2,547	2,960	2,678
14,580	-4,850	2,810	2,531	4,350	2,956
5,200	2,384	3,580	2,449	5,020	2,547
4,870	2,384	-1,240	2,809	6,180	2,940
110	-8,206	-1,540	927	143,830	2,318
60	-7,616	6,600	2,531	3,270	2,580
290	-1,872	1,450	305	2,640	-104
-15,020	-1,839	21,670	1,893	7,050	-62,462
3,050	2,678	2,850	2,155	90,440	-62,118

11. Re-Os Isotopic Evidence From Mantle Xenoliths,

Contributions Mineral Petrology, 2008, Volume 155, Pages 271-293

87Rb/86Sr	147Sm/144Nd	187Re/188Os
141	141	327
141	141	141
141	141	141
141	141	141
465	465	140
465	466	467
464	465	466
465	465	465
454	465	477
466	465	463
465	465	467
465	466	474
465	466	464
2,135	489	465
1,383	445	465
465	465	471
120	120	465
120	120	465
127	120	467

12. Timing of Precambrian Melt Depletion,

Lithos, Volume 77, 2004, Pages 453-472

Sample	187Re/188Os	187Re/188Os	206Pb/204Pb	147Sm/144Nd	176Lu/176Hf	187Os/188Os
13-16-3	2,530	3,030		1,130	1,030	1,472
13-19-11	2,650	6,000	4,840	1,280	1,310	73
13-19-15	2,770	7,460	4,879	1,290	1,320	-242
13-19-2	2,610	3,470	4,881	1,230	1,260	-1,187,221
13-19-22		47,370	4,857	1,380	1,400	945
13-19-27		49,630	5,118	1,430	1,500	-395
13-19-6	2,620	4,540	5,103	1,280	1,300	2,015
HK1-13H	740	-1,240	5,018	-2,340	-4,240	2,421
HK1-13W	910	-1,240	5,025	-1,750	-1,470	2,006
HK1-19	1,140	-220	4,421	-980	-1,140	2,446
HK1-21	1,560	830	5,022			2,166
HK1-24	1,570	2,000	4,986	-180	40	1,140
HK1-25/2	1,900	2,280	5,029	650	580	2,605
HK1-26	2,300	2,670	4,916	770	630	2,199
HK-3aa	2,450	2,930	5,022	1,020	1,030	-8,589
HK4-1	2,420	2,870	5,001	920	870	2,482

13. Reliable Re-Os Ages,

Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta, 1993, Volume 57, Page 1626

187Re/188Os

5,930

6,300

1,710

14. Re-Os, Sm-Nd, and Rb-Sr Isotope Evidence,

Geochemica et Cosmochimica Acta, 1995, Volume 59, Number 5, Pages 959-977

187Os/188Os	187Os/188Os
-1,584,771	488
-1,503,264	672
-477,884	847
-34,888	891
-19,080	1,277
-6,469	1,331
-1,548	1,739
-721	2,169
192	2,230
254	2,402
263	2,785
269	2,790
330

187Re/188Os	187Re/188Os	147Sm/144Nd	147Sm/144Nd	87Rb/86Sr
5,500	2,600
Negative	1,800
Negative	1,900	1,900	2,300
2,500	2,000	1,700	2,100	8,300
400	400
500
Negative	2,100
11,000	1,000
2,200	1,700
Negative	1,800	Negative	Negative	Negative
Negative	3,200	2,700	2,900	Negative
3,100	2,900
3,000	1,800
		2,000	2,300	990
		2,100	2,500	Negative
4,100	3,000	3,000	3,200	Negative
6,900	2,800	Negative	Negative	Negative
		1,800	2,200
		2,300	2,500
6,600	1,500
100	1,200
Negative	1,100
2,700
3,100		3,000

15. Lithospheric Mantle and Diamonds,

Lithos, Volume 112-S, 2009, Pages 1120-1132

187Re/188Os	187Re/188Os
7,850	2,840
6,260	2,760
4,210	2,730
4,180	2,690
4,040	2,660
3,850	2,660
3,470	2,580
3,310	2,580
3,280	2,560
3,250	2,490
3,120	2,130
2,980	1,980
2,960	1,980

16. Pb-Pb Isotope Systematics,

Chemical Geology, Volume 66 (1987) Pages 193-208

207Pb/206Pb	207Pb/206Pb	207Pb/206Pb
5,289	5,036	4,447
5,289	5,030	4,410
5,267	5,030	4,408
5,259	5,021	4,168
5,259	5,013	4,102
5,256	5,001	4,096
5,243	5,001	4,082
5,240	4,998	4,077
5,240	4,998	4,073
5,210	4,925	4,051
5,210	4,925	4,030
5,200	4,756	4,026
5,200	4,749	3,992
5,153	4,704	3,968
5,153	4,667	3,956
5,151	4,625	3,917
5,151	4,622	3,908
5,148	4,618	3,883
5,148	4,615	3,870
5,103	4,604	3,829
5,103	4,531	3,811
5,099	4,468	3,728
5,060	4,466	3,719
5,036	4,447

17. Sm-Nd, Rb-Sr, And Pb-Pb Isotopic Evidence,

Gondwana Research, Volume 11 (2007) Page 69-91

207Pb/206Pb	207Pb/206Pb
5,333	5,084
5,327	5,084
5,326	5,080
5,304	5,076
5,303	5,076
5,253	5,073
5,224	5,072
5,205	5,066
5,205	5,060
5,183	5,050
5,180	5,043
5,161	5,034
5,130	5,032
5,116	5,031
5,096	5,022
5,092	5,018
5,091

18. Pb and Nd Isotope Systematics,

Precambrian Research, Volume 114 (2002) 277-294

207Pb/206Pb	207Pb/206Pb	207Pb/206Pb	207Pb/206Pb
5,319	5,189	5,073	4,994
5,301	5,189	5,069	4,984
5,291	5,133	5,060	4,977
5,288	5,128	5,050	4,968
5,286	5,115	5,047	4,961
5,281	5,102	5,044	4,947
5,268	5,096	5,043	4,945
5,249	5,089	5,022	4,938
5,236	5,082	5,022	4,913
5,206	5,081	5,009	4,873
5,196	5,080	4,995

19. Crustal Age Domains,

Journal Of Petrology, 1998, Volume 39, Number 4, Pages 749-783

207Pb/206Pb	207Pb/206Pb	207Pb/206Pb
5,333	5,161	5,073
5,327	5,130	5,072
5,326	5,116	5,066
5,304	5,096	5,060
5,303	5,092	5,050
5,253	5,091	5,043
5,224	5,084	5,034
5,205	5,084	5,032
5,205	5,080	5,031
5,183	5,076	5,022
5,180	5,076	5,018

20. The Slave Craton, Canada,

Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta, Volume 74 (2010) Pages 5368-5381

187Re/188Os	187Os/188Os
2,140	-830,588
2,550	-617,820
1,760	-814,222
2,160	-1,157,924
432	-28,615
2,960	-61,349
3,160	-3,220,142
3,900	-4,103,949
2,600	-994,256
3,800	-61,349
3,570	-159,549
4,530	-2,712,771
5,800	-683,287
5,800	-1,714,396
2,340	-2,810,972
3,500	-945,156
3,400	-1,059,724
1,240	-1,337,959
2,110	-1,174,291
2,660	-1,812,597
2,510	-1,190,658
2,360	-896,056
2,850	-1,043,357

21. The Study of Molybdenites,

Earth and Planetary Science Letters, 1982, Volume 61, Page 293

Location	Country	Re/Os Age	Model Age	Model Age	Model Age
Ylitornio	(Lapland)	1,770	1,780
Tepasto	(Lapland)	1,590	1,800
		4,490
Lahnanen	(Finland)	1,880	1,890
Matasvaara	(Finland)	1,840	2,700	2,400	176
Biggenden	(Australia)	330	215
Mt. Mulgine	(Australia)	2,670	2,690
Everton	(Australia)	376	377
Mt. Moliagul	(Australia)	920	276	390
Climax	(Colorado, U.S.A.)	96	30
Montezuma	(Mexico)		60
Godthaab	(Greenland)	1,840	2,000	1,600	2,700
Lacorne Preissac	(Quebec, Canada)	6,370	2,700
				6,800	2,700

22. North Western Wyoming Craton,

Earth And Planetary Science Letters, 1994, Volume 126, Page 460

207Pb/206Pb	87Rb/86Sr
5,398	1,750
5,407	1,910
5,435	1,470
5,541	4,040
5,499	3,440
5,458	520
5,454	150
5,442	120
5,752	10,800
5,422	3,180
5,457	15,500
5,482	-3,440
5,436	2,140
5,567	4,440
5,570
5,428	240
5,467	170
5,466	120

87Rb/86Sr	147Sm/144Nd	207Pb/206Pb
5,170	3,460	4,770
-630	2,550	5,195
-930	2,490	5,145
2,600	2,500	5,121
110	2,610	5,108
-300	2,630	5,137
	2,510	1,776
	2,540	1,763

187Os/188Os	187Re/1880s	187Re/1880s
-2,665		1,310
-33,561		2,750
-30,751		3,320
-25,270		2,780
-15,464		560
-2,409		530
1,688	2,040
1,680	1,960
2,575	2,900
-980	660	80
1,320	1,730
-17	430	680
2,382	2,680
2,511	2,880
1,186	1,580
881	1,460
-39,504		1,420
-5,868		1,920

23. Re-Os, and Mo Isotope Systematics,

Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta, Volume 69, Number 7, Pages 1787–1801, 2005

187Os/188Os	187Os/188Os
-2,409,985	-62,920
-1,453,836	-60,285
-488,031	-49,172
-319,453	-47,421
-249,403	-40,792
-177,651	-40,072
-163,969	-39,253
-108,223	-36,242
-100,318	-36,013
-87,225	-29,924
-82,036	-26,389
-80,481	-25,456
-79,270	-23,132
-70,285

24. Re-Os Systematics of Komatiites,

Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta, Volume 69, Number 21, Pages 5087–5098, 2005

187Os/188Os	187Os/188Os
-82,331	-16,242
-52,723	-15,669
-51,169	-3,099
-40,465	-890
-33,689	27
-32,281	338
-30,677	878
-22,461	1,320
-20,694	1,353
-19,875	1,533
-18,697	1,565
-18,517	1,582
-17,076

25. Belingwe and Abitibi Komatiites,

Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta, Volume 73 (2009) 6367–6389

187Os/188Os	187Os/188Os	187Os/188Os	187Os/188Os
-74,385	-4,613	-2,633	-613
-58,661	-3,864	-2,546	911
-40,466	-3,778	-2,099	925
-32,149	-3,675	-2,071	1,087
-8,600	-3,296	-1,954	1,357
-7,559	-3,222	-1,451	1,380
-5,983	-2,844	-1,400	1,457
-5,274	-2,810	-1,284	1,726
-4,646	-2,805	-1,071	2,646
-4,618	-2,667	-996

26. Mantle Xenoliths From Namibia,

Lithos, Volume 184–187 (2014) 478–490

187Os/188Os	187Os/188Os	187Os/188Os	187Os/188Os	187Os/188Os
-44,982	-4,114	-305	1,091	2,089
-44,982	-4,048	-291	1,189	2,089
-43,345	-2,975	-286	1,205	2,105
-34,900	-2,975	-268	1,320	2,204
-34,900	-2,958	-232	1,353	2,220
-34,622	-448	-232	1,353	2,220
-34,556	-443	-194	1,369	2,236
-34,474	-443	-192	1,385	2,253
-34,474	-431	-153	1,402	2,253
-28,615	-422	-153	1,418	2,253
-12,248	-422	-153	1,434	2,515
-12,248	-376	-153	1,434	2,515
-9,458	-361	-153	1,434	2,951
-8,909	-353	583	1,729	20,011
-8,828	-337	583	1,778	20,358
-8,615	-333	894	1,909	20,376
-8,533	-317	976	1,942	20,425
-5,702	-314	976	1,991	20,435
-4,801	-309	992	2,024	20,469
-4,736	-307	1,074	2,040	20,469

27. 187Os Isotopic Constraints,

Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta, 2002, Volume 66, Number 18, Pages 3317-3325

187Os/188Os	187Os/188Os
-456,934	-12,782
-308,455	-8,638
-83,799	-8,073
-73,472	-6,531
-67,167	-6,255
-51,642	1,446
-50,817	1,672
-36,489	1,834
-24,396	2,112
-23,900	2,300
-21,491	2,372
-13,877

28. Evidence from 2.8 Ga Komatiites,

Earth and Planetary Science Letters, 2001, Volume 186, Pages 513-526

187Os/188Os	187Os/188Os
-19,486	-8,384
-17,888	-3,309
-16,094	-1,782
-14,527	-882
-14,510	-602
-12,098	-34
-9,284	2,215

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